D3 tutorials

At the moment I'm getting through useful tutorials for D3 data visualization by Scott Murray

they are here

layouts sketches

layouts: A, B1

layouts B2, C1

                                                                layouts C2, D

                                  layout C1, C2 second proposition (probably better one)

                                                            layout E, wireframe

info board

Final scenario

Cultural differences mapping

I was looking for some kind of final infographic, which would enable users of platform to take part in some survey, add something from oneself. I found this:

Steelcase- cultural differences
 and this short set of inforgraphics, also form Steelcase on deskmag

I've found this set also really inspiring: East meets West

Accessible data about student mobility

Higher Education Statisctics Agency

pdfs from Non-UK domicile students topic:
Table 5 Top EU countries of domicile  (years 2008- 2012)
Table 6 Top non-EU countries of domicile (years 2008- 2012)

Students in Higher Education Institutions  (1994-2008 for free 2008-2013 paid)

Table 8 Non-UK domiciled HE students by country of domicile, location of HE institution and level of study (2008-2012)
Table 6a  Non-UK domiciled HE students by domicile, location of institution and qualification aim (2000-2007)

Students Domiciled outside the UK by Method of Study (1993-2013) UCL student statistics
Table O

National Student Suvey 2013

"Data Visualization is NOT Useful. It’s Indispensable." an articule from Fell In Love With Data blog which actually tells that infographics are mostly needed by specialists (so just opposite to what I want to do). I've found it really inspiring

Scenarios- so far

First scenario of dataset elements (data visualizations)- field for data exploration for the society members to get view on how students migration phenomena really look like. And additional funcionality of forum for sharing opinions

Second scenario of dataset elements is generaly only for the society members to get more informations

What does students want, what does educational institutions want

According to WrestCorp article "International Students"

Primary Attractiveness Factors are:

1.Quality of Education. The education process: this broadly corresponds to ‘academic reputation’ and ‘academic and social support’.

2. Employment Prospects: The education outcome: this corresponds to the perceived value of a destination country’s qualifications within the local and global labor markets.

3. Affordability: Students’ perceptions of the cost of living and tuition fees in a study destination. A high performance rating for affordability implies that the destination is perceived as being relatively lower cost.

4. Personal Security/Risk: General perception of safety and security within the destination country. This excludes the concept of ‘cultural security’, which is considered in ‘lifestyle’.

5. Lifestyle: Encompasses factors such as sports, music, fashion, nightlife plus others such as cultural tolerance, acceptance, similarity, or difference. International students’ emphasis will likely vary with country of origin and ethnicity.

so it's visible that, aside of quality of education and affordability (students have already really good access to these informations in the web) aspects connected with culture are also considered as important.

I've found interesting also Rahoul Choudaha article "International student mobility is driven by destination country income, not university rankings"

As regards Universitiers interests, at the Institute for Public Policy Research I've found fresh Alice Sachrajda's articule "The UK can’t rely on reputation alone to attract international students". Author is writing about present highly competitive situation on global educational market. Due to the article if UK want to attract the brightest and best international students to the UK’s education institutions, it have to offer more attracive employment prospects. These include permitting all international students to work alongside their studies and allowing international students six months to find work in the UK after their studies.

Targeted topic: students mobility

In present situation of data overload, visualizing helps to "see data"- enable users to understand data fast and to see and understand connections between informations. Set of data visualizations shows a story, and I had to ask myself: what kind of story my target audience would be interested in.

As I went through a lot of information about migration flows and I get more knowledge and overall view about this topic, I got more and more interested in a topic of mobility of students. I think it's good idea to work on this part of migration because:

- migration of students is fast growing phenomena all around the world and United Kingdom is one of the most popular countries of destination.. The University enviroment is changing fast and it's a big challenge to organize it to fit everyone's needs. On the other hand it's also big opportunity because of such positive outcomes as:

- the availability of range of programs and high quality courses
- the research output;
- enhanced revenues
- internationalization of the student and staff body
- improved efficiency and international competitiveness (source: Wrestcorp)

I think that visualizing present changes can help people in better understanding the others and their needs, so both, educational institutions and students can act consciously and get best outcome from this interaction. Educational institutions have to adapt to changing conditions and need information how to do that succesfylly and students should have information about how their studies will look like. It's going to their enviroment for a couple of years and the more they'll like it, the more succeded they can be.

- practical aspect?  it could be not only information for the curious but also useful tip for future students. Maybe I can find information about cultural diversity and help them to know more about their future enviroment before they left home or even make their uni choices.

- there are debates these years about limiting net migration in UK and student migration as a part of it. Public opinion is strong force in these debates but surveys shows that the society don't have clear picture about who are the immigrants, why they came nad for how long. So just to prevent confusion about data, it can be helpful to visualize the real information.

The Migration Observatory articles 
 "Thinking behind the numbers: Understanding the Public Opinion on Immigration in Britain" 

and:
A degree of confusion: what do people in the UK think about international students

Migration in the UK and politics infographic

- it's now my everyday enviroment, many people I meet everyday are international students who came to UK. It can be a source of information, inspiration and fast feedback about my ideas.

- it seems like a tangible amount of data, so I have more time to play with visualizations and interaction,

Looking for questions

I found three interesting TED-talks about data visualizations and benefits we can get from them.

Hans Rosling: The best stats you've ever seen

David McCandless: The beauty of data visualization

Aaron Koblin: Visualizing ourselves ... with crowd-sourced data

Mapping Social Cohesion Report from MONASH University

You Tube: Mapping Social Cohesion Report 

... and similar data about UK 

OECD Better Life Index

From Migration Observatory of the Univeristy of Oxford

UK Public Opinion towards Immigration: Overall Attitudes and Level of Concern 

and UK Public Opinion towards Immigration: Determinants of Attitudes

especially interesting is chart: attitudes towards immigration by perceptions of local area- do people from different backgrounds get on well together?

Looking for ideas....

About the audience

Project is dedicated for:
1. everyone, starting from teenagers (15+?)
2. people who are potentially interested in society and want a better understanding of it's changes but
3. are not scientists and data presentation is not familiar for them.

Data presentation must be legible and that unusual/ interenting that people would like to explore it further. However some of the audience can be:

4. students, who may need to compare data precisely and get detailed informations.

Project must have options to customize data and give acces to detailed info.

Idea development- scanning data...

 At the beginning, I was thinking about the use of the data about: migrations- the country of origin by the year of arrival, spatial density of population and its structure (non-UK born and UK-born). I also wanted to see through data about religion ant ethnicity.

Spatial diveristy is not that interesting for me any more- in a large scale spatial diversity of non-UK bor citizens is the same as all the population. Interesting exprience could be to see how it looks inside the cities (because of the chain migration and the habit of living in communities), but theres no full data about that.

Scanning data, I found interesting that big part of imigrants are students, whose number is constantly growing. Next reason why people decide to move in UK, are job factors and then to accompany member of family. I thought that it tells something about who really are these thousands of "non-UK born citizens" coming every year.


I think that its interesting to focus on the inflows and the outflows of people (according to: ''long-term international migration 1991-2012 top ten countries''), the number of students (''main reasons for migration general data 1991-2012'' and "students- top ten EU/non-EU countries of domicile 2008-2013")

I'm going to use data from these sources:

OECD.StatExtracts- outflow
customizing database to get "Outflows by foreign population by nationality for United Kingdom through the years 1985-2011"
OECD.StatExtracts- inflow
customizing database to get "Inflows by foreign population by nationality for United Kingdom through the years 1985-2011"
Office for National Statistics
Passport held by the year of arrival in UK by country of birth (data by UK regions)
Office for National Statistics
 2.04 LTIM Main Reason for Migration, 1991-2012 (Excel sheet 64Kb)

data about the students
Higher Education Statisctics Agency
pdfs from Non-UK domicile students topic:
Table 5 [xlsx 18 KB] Top EU countries of domicile  (years 2008- 2012)
Table 6 [xlsx 18 KB] Top non-EU countries of domicile (years 2008- 2012)


Waluable sources of information
Long-Term International Migration Flows to and from UK from The Migration Observatory of the University of Oxford
Immigration, diversity and social cohesion from The Migration Observatory of the University of Oxford
International Migration Outlook (2013, 2010, 2008, 2006) from OECDiLibrary
short raports for better data understanding

How to do it?

Idea nr. 1.

Geography based visualizations

data mapping

Software?

Esri- free mapping software for the web

E-spatial 

other?

Real-time data visualizing concept

Research part 3- other interesting and creative interactive data visualizations

Here are some samples of data visualizations that I found creative and unusual.

Worldshapin

Project in data visualization by carlo zapponi and vasundhara parakh

This tool enable user to compare countries with the world, continents and other countries, using indicatiors such as: health, carbon footprint, workplace equality, living standard, population and education. Each of these indicators are placed on one of 6 axis and create a "shape of the area". There are also bar charts which helps to understand data. I think this solution is really interesting. 

2010 Global Migration- Double Paper Pie Chart

project by Alexandra Muresan

Author select top 30 emigration countries and top 30 immigration countries by the numer of people. Other countries are grouped by geographical regions. I like this solution because it shows the connection between immigration and emigration. The craft-kind design is beautiful. Visualizer is easy to navigate- one use sliders and go to the end of the sliders to get more specific data. There are instructions about how to use it. There are bar charts for better data understanding. 

Foreign Domestics - comparison of national and international carriers in domestic flight routes

project by Till Nagel

This infographics is really simplified- each country is represented by white circle and each airport is a black dot. Lines shows available domestic routes between airports and they can be black- for national carriers and red- for international carriers. It becomes visible that in some countries domestic routes are nearly fully operated by national airlines and in some mostly by foreign airlines. It would be also useful to see that larger countries have more domestic connections while smaller don't have any or have just a few. Unfortunately infographics don't show the area of the country, so user have to use one's own knowledge. 

UN Global Pulse – The voices of the vulnerable

project by Alexandra Muresan

This visualization is navigated by horizontal and vertical arrows. Exploring via horizontal arrows user can see the overview of all countries and then data about each country one by one. Exploring via vertical arrows user will get a view of certain issue in all of the countries.

Reasearch part 2- traditional infographics illustrating population

Here are some examples of two-dimensional data visualizations.

Source: Office for National Statistics Interactive Content

This chart indicates how the number of people in each county changes while people getting in and out of work. Map chart on the right side is scaled by population to show differences more suggestively. This way is commonly used in infographics, but in my opinion the various shapes of pieces don't give a true notion of area differences between them and so, are difficult to compare and make conclusions. While pointing at each county user can find it's real size on the map on the left side which is very helful.

Here is one more example of scaled map chart. Author used the tiles of the same size, so the chart is much more legible.

source: BBC News

Non-UK born census populations 1951-2011

Often, it's necesarry to create several infographics to illustrate more complex data and relationship between them. Next three charts creates dataset, and to have a clear picture of information, one should understand all three charts.

Source: Immigration Patterns of Non-UK Born Populations in England and Wales in 2011, 

17 December 2013, ONS

1. Here, bubble chart is used to show top-ten non-uk countries of birth durnig the years 1951-2011. Size of the bubble and caption number shows emigrants number. Every bubble has a caption with the name of the country and additionally author use specific colour for each country- thanks to that user can easily compare and see changes through the years. Bubbles are placed in the coordinate system where y-axis sygnalize position in 1-10 top non-uk countries of birth, and x-axis shows year. In my opinion it's useful and well-designed infographic.

Source: Immigration Patterns of Non-UK Born Populations in England and Wales in 2011, 

17 December 2013, ONS

2. Bar graph illustrates the number of all other non-uk born citizens. The high of each bar is propotional to a number of people and captions shows specific numbers. 

3.Pie charts shows relationships between the number of citizens born in "top-10 non-uk countries" and "all-other non-uk countries"

Population in England and Wales by ethnic group

Source: Office for National Statistics Interactive Content

This chart shows the number of people in each ethnic group by the proportional size of area.

Arrival timeline for a selected range of non-uk countries of birth in 2011 in England and Wales

Source: Immigration Patterns of Non-UK Born Populations in England and Wales in 2011, 17 December 2013, ONS

It's more complex which shows how difficult is to show more complex data on two-dimensional surface. User need few minutes to learn how to read the chart. Lack of order in names of the countries is disadvantage in this presentation. For me it's also misleading to put data about number of people arriving in two quadrants while it could be put in one quadrant. Probably present solution looks better but understanding and comparing information become more difficult.

Research part 1- inspiring interacive data visualizations

Global Migration by Origin

source: mpimmg 

I found this tool really entertaining and easy to use. You can see how people were migratinf from places all over the world through years- starting from 1960. You can compare migrant patterns of two chosen countries and explore more specyfic data by clicking.



Infographic Shows The Shifting Racial Makeup of L.A

project by Eric Fischer

In my opinion this infographic is really beautiful - using colorful dots on a map it clearly shows spacial diversity of L.A citizens. Of course percentage values in left down corners of illustration are also very useful.

This infographic is not really interactive- user can only scale it.

Population estimates in England and Wales 2001-2011 by country of Birth

source: Office for National Statistics Interactive Content

Using this tool you can compare changes in structure of groups of people selected by country of birth. You can compare two groups as well as compare changes within one group during ten years.

Long-term Migration into and out United Kingdom

source: Office for National Statistics Interactive Content

People movin- migration flows across the world

project by Carlo Zapponi

The form of this visualization really appeals to me. Quite big disadvantage in my opinion is that we can see only a small part of chart in one moment.